Design of the maritime strategy argentina – Horacio Aldo Terrible

As was explained in the introduction to the present document and in function of the arguments presented in the first report of the Observatory of Strategic Affairs –Impacts on the energy and the sea p. 111/223– this section is proposed to outline the path of public policies based on reality and that we think are a priority for the Republic of Argentina of face to 2030. Use for this purpose the Guide to planning and monitoring of public policy and management – National Directorate of Management by Results of the office of the Cabinet of the Nation, considering that these “impacts”, which refer to the existence of a problem or gap –between the current situation and the desired situation can be reversed through the proposal.

Given the multiplicity of issues analysis for the design of a maritime strategy, we will develop as a reference only one of the dimensions involved in the problem to solve and that reference to the presence of the State in the scenario Southwest Atlantic (ACE). Additionally, they will develop some of the other variables involved in a summarized way.

OFFICE OF THE CABINET

DEFINITION OF THE PROBLEM. WHAT IS THE GAP THAT WE WANT TO ADDRESS?	EVIDENCEWHAT ARE THE FACTORS THAT SHOW THE EXISTENCE OF THE PROBLEM?	INDICATORSWHAT MEASURES CAN BE USED TO MONITOR THE CHANGE IN REALITY?	MEANS OF VERIFICATIONWHAT WILL BE THE SOURCE OF INFORMATION COLLATION?
Incidence of the impact of the competition between the PRC and united states in the scenario South Atlantic and Antarctic.	Enhancement of the maritime domain to the global level.Alliance Anglo (AUKUS).U.S. support to the sovereignty dispute by territories usurped by RUGBeIN.The lack of incentives argentines to resolve the limited presence of the State in the scenario.	Exploitation RRNN on the stage AS.Support activities and Logistics in the AS, and Antarctica.Creation of Mpas.Rate the effort of Monitoring and research in the scenario.	Chancellery, Ministries of Defence, Security, Economy, Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries, Production, Transport, Energy, Science, Technology and Innovation, ministry of the Environment.

CONSEQUENCES

Impairment to the National Interests

Actors

It is necessary to identify the actors involved in the issue, depending on their interests and ability to intervene in it.

ACTOR	INTERESTS / RESOURCE(S) WITH THAT ACCOUNT
USA	Interest: Keep the ACE is under control of a historic ally.Organizational resources. It is the first military power in the world, a circumstance that gives you enough freedom to extend their dominance in the scene through the presence of the RUGB. Economic and political resources: although their economic and political leadership is being played has enough capacity to exert their influence diplomatic and military worldwide. Integrates the UNSC. Is the benchmark of NATO and the economic support and military of the same. It is the main partner of the IMF with whom Argentina must negotiate the debt.Cognitive resources: world leadership in science, Research and Development. Human resources excellence. Network of world-class Universities.
RPCH	Interest: Challenge the leadership of the united states, in the scenario where it has gradually increased its presence in the last four decades.Organizational resources: it Has a strong stage presence exerted via its fishing fleet that operates in the AA to the ZEEA. Has greatly increased its presence in the Antarctic.Economic resources: the First trade partner of Argentina. His incessant economic growth allows you to project your presence in the ACE through incentives that need the sagging economy of argentina in particular and in South america in general.Political resources: it is the visible head of the dispute of leadership to the USA. Keep a regular diplomatic contact with the south american countries. The undisputed leader in the asian continent.Cognitive resources: has changed his educational paradigm, since it does not copy the developments of the west, but has developed projects of their own.
The Queen Elizabeth II sovereign of the RUGBeIN	Interest: to Maintain the Status quo on the stage, a circumstance which enables power projection in the same, which is indispensable in your future claim to the antarctic.Organizational resources: this is the real power in the scenario AS. Has possession of the majority of the islands in the same given that owns the control spaces of strategic projection on the ACE, (lines of communication and maritime steps from the ocean). It is the main military base of NATO in the same and maintains a structure of domination in which the Royal Navy is your main tool.Political resources: while Brexit has conditioned his participation in the EU, is the historic ally and supporter of the united states. In addition, integrates the permanent UNSC. It is a nuclear power and is the visible head of the Commonwealth (53 countries that together represent approximately one-third of the world's population, 14 overseas Territories that recognize the queen as their monarch and head of State and three islands that have jurisdiction independent). Is the head of the anglican church. Economic resources: it is the sixth largest economy in the world. Its surrounding waters represent the fifth's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) in the world and has been the protagonist and has been followed in the successive industrial revolutions and technological. Cognitive resources: it is a pioneer in the creation of Ngos on issues related to the defense of the environment of the oceans, and in particular in the Antarctic. It has a structure of university networks-important globally and invests heavily in ICM.
Republic Of Argentina	Interest: Retrieve presence on the stage AS to revert the status quo prevailing. Organizational resources: limited power of intervention in part due to their limited presence in the same. It is notable for its historical presence scientist in Antarctica, but unilaterally decided the disintegration of the Military Instrument, reaching its current state of helplessness. Today you do not have control of the stage.Political resources: although she has tried to move forward diplomatically with international organizations looking for support for terciar in the pending dispute, his presentations have been unsuccessful because they have no weight in the concert of nations, given the mutability of their behavior. Has approached positions with Chile regarding the territorial conflicts of the past, but maintains a regular diplomatic relation with Uruguay and Brazil who are part of the scenery AS. Your posture ideological current, contrary to the interests of the US, hinders his diplomatic management in search of the necessary consensus. Internally, the ACE is not of interest of your leadership.Economic resources: in spite of its precious natural resources goes through a delicate economic situation, which means that their ability to allocate resources in the conservation, exploitation and protection of the same in the scenario is very poor.  Cognitive resources: it Has a structure of university networks that still has some regional recognition and that produces knowledge of worldwide recognition, but of limited development in the country as a result of scarce financial resources available to them.

Mapping the Problem

It is necessary to design a national maritime strategy that will allow us to face the problem, so it's essential to know what are the factors that are causing it. 

CAUSES OF THE PROBLEM

The absence of incentives on the issue, Defense and Marine Scientific Research which results in a limited presence of the argentine State in the scenario AS. Erroneous interpretation of the law geopolitical world that is manifested in the state of helplessness argentine, a matter that weighs a huge load ideological.Inability diplomatic to the fabric of alliances and in the treatment of issues related to the problem.Pre-eminence of particular interests over the national supported by practices diffuse covered by a system prebendario profiting in a bureaucratic jungle where they live, historically, those who administer the resource with the one who exploits it. Lack of awareness maritime argentina.

IDENTIFY CAUSES CRITICAL

SUBSTANTIATE THE CHOICE

The absence of incentives on the issue, Defense and Marine Scientific Research which results in a limited presence of the argentine State in the scenario AS. Lack of awareness maritime argentina.Erroneous interpretation of the new geopolitical order of the world. A question that weighs a huge load ideological and that is manifested in the state of helplessness of argentina.Pre-eminence of particular interests over the national supported by practices diffuse sheltered by a system prebendario profiting in a bureaucratic jungle where they live, historically, those who administer the resource with the one who exploits it.

Limited ability to generate state policies that promote the real possibilities of development that provide the oceans (to know and to protect in order to develop sustainably).   Invisibility of the problem: it does Not form part of the collective imaginary argento. It is not part of the national curriculum, not part of the political discussion and has no consequence, neither oral nor written. Generations of leaders argentine formed by traditions of thought and action affected ideologically incapable of understanding the challenges of the century in march, the technical complexity and the geostrategic importance of maritime issues and the ocean floor.Understand the necessary association of the changes in technology, market, regulatory and the organization of production at the global level to innovate and diversify the productive matrix into new markets of high added value. Network inter-bureaucratic diffuse protected by the argentine political system.

Analysis of Governance

FOR EACH OF THE IDENTIFIED CAUSES SUCH AS CRITICISM
WHAT CRITICAL RESOURCES DEMAND TO REVERSE THIS CAUSE?1. The absence of incentives on the issue, Defense and Marine Scientific Research which results in a limited presence of the argentine State in the scenario AS.	DO I HAVE THE ABILITY TO IMPACT ON THIS CRITICAL RESOURCE?	IF THERE IS ANOTHER ACTOR THAT CONTROLS THIS CRITICAL RESOURCE, WHAT IS IT?
To analyze the degree of control over the variables, IF/NO/PARTIALLY	Identify the actors with whom to cooperate/coordinate the actions, especially when the control is partial.
Organizational resources	IF
Cognitive resources	Partially	Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries. Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation. Ministry of Defence, ministry of the Environment.
Political resources	Partially	Executive and Legislative National. The chief of Cabinet. Ministries of Defense and Economy.
Economic resources	IF
What causes critical passes the analysis of governance to become a hub OF ACTION PLAN?  Yes

FOR EACH OF THE IDENTIFIED CAUSES SUCH AS CRITICISM
WHAT CRITICAL RESOURCES DEMAND TO REVERSE THIS CAUSE? 2. Lack of awareness maritime argentina.	DO I HAVE THE ABILITY TO IMPACT ON THIS CRITICAL RESOURCE?	IF THERE IS ANOTHER ACTOR THAT CONTROLS THIS CRITICAL RESOURCE, WHAT IS IT?
To analyze the degree of control over the variables, IF/ NO/ PARTIALLY	Identify the actors with whom to cooperate/coordinate the actions, especially when the control is partial.
Organizational resources	Partially	Executive and Legislative National. The chief of Cabinet.
Cognitive resources	Partially	All the Ministries that address the problem at sea. Ministry of Education
Political resources	Partially	Executive and Legislative National. The chief of Cabinet.
Economic resources	Partially	Executive and Legislative National. The chief of Cabinet.
What causes critical passes the analysis of governance to become a hub OF ACTION PLAN?  Yes

FOR EACH OF THE IDENTIFIED CAUSES SUCH AS CRITICISM
WHAT CRITICAL RESOURCES DEMAND TO REVERSE THIS CAUSE?3. Erroneous interpretation of the new geopolitical order of the world. A question that weighs a huge load ideological and that is manifested in the state of helplessness of argentina.	DO I HAVE THE ABILITY TO IMPACT ON THIS CRITICAL RESOURCE?	IF THERE IS ANOTHER ACTOR THAT CONTROLS THIS CRITICAL RESOURCE, WHAT IS IT?
To analyze the degree of control over the variables, IF/ NO/ PARTIALLY	Identify the actors with whom to cooperate/coordinate the actions, especially when the control is partial.
Organizational resources	Partially	National Legislative. The chief of Cabinet. Chancellery. Ministries involved in the particular problem.
Cognitive resources	Partially	All the Ministries that address the problem at sea. Ministry of Education.
Political resources	Partially	Executive and Legislative National. Chancellery. The chief of Cabinet.
Economic resources	IF
What causes critical passes the analysis of governance to become a hub OF ACTION PLAN?  Yes

FOR EACH OF THE IDENTIFIED CAUSES SUCH AS CRITICISM
WHAT CRITICAL RESOURCES DEMAND TO REVERSE THIS CAUSE?4. Pre-eminence of particular interests over the national supported by practices diffuse sheltered by a system prebendario profiting in a bureaucratic jungle where they live, historically, those who administer the resource with the one who exploits it.	DO I HAVE THE ABILITY TO IMPACT ON THIS CRITICAL RESOURCE?	IF THERE IS ANOTHER ACTOR THAT CONTROLS THIS CRITICAL RESOURCE, WHAT IS IT?
To analyze the degree of control over the variables, IF/ NO/ PARTIALLY	Identify the actors with whom to cooperate/coordinate the actions, especially when the control is partial.
Organizational resources	Partially	National Legislative. The chief of Cabinet. Chancellery. Ministries involved in the particular problem.
Cognitive resources	Partially	All the Ministries that address the problem at sea. Ministry of Education.
Political resources	Partially	Executive and Legislative National. Chancellery. The chief of Cabinet.
Economic resources	IF
What causes critical passes the analysis of governance to become a hub OF ACTION PLAN?  Yes

Define Strategic Objectives

The strategic objective defines the change that you want to operate in reality. To define the strategy, we will convert each of the causes critical adopted in the analysis of governance in a strategic goal. 

AXIS OF ACTION Cause critical that passed the analysis of governance	STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE/ TERM EXECUTIONDefines the change that you want to operate in the reality intervenes
Cause critical 1. The absence of incentives on the issue, Defense and Marine Scientific Research which results in a limited presence of the argentine State in the scenario AS.	“Intensify the tasks of research, surveillance and control of the stage AS and Antarctic”.Term Execution. IMMEDIATE
Cause critical 2. Lack of awareness maritime argentina.	“Incorporate, from the educational cycle, starting, the study of the IIMM argentine, extended afterwards to the secondary cycle. Promote the university studies related to such maritime interests”. Term Execution: 1 YEAR
Cause criticism 3. Erroneous interpretation of the new geopolitical order of the world. A question that weighs a huge load ideological and that is manifested in the state of helplessness of argentina.	To promote the academic debate, political, and social to develop the layout of a national maritime strategy comprehensive and consensual.”Term Execution: 1-2 YEARS
Cause Criticizes 4. Pre-eminence of particular interests over the national supported by practices diffuse sheltered by a system prebendario profiting in a bureaucratic jungle where they live, historically, those who administer the resource with the one who exploits it.	“To create a federal basis to centralize information financial about public and private ports enabled, ships in operations, areas of production, processing, transportation and shipping, for the monitoring and control of the proceeds, both in terms of the trade and the illicit trafficTerm Execution: 1-2 YEARS

Indicators of Results

The outcome indicator is a unit of measure, obtained by a comparison between two or more types of data over time. With this, it is possible to track, assess and take decisions periodically to the inside of an organization.

Strategic objectiveWhat is the change that you want to operate in the reality?	Outcome indicatorsHow are we going to measure the change of situation?	Means of verificationWhat will be the source of the tick of the indicator?	Baseline What is the current value of the indicator?	Goal What is the expected value at the end of 2022?
OE 1“Intensify the tasks of research, surveillance and control of the stage AS and Antarctic”.	Percentage of being patrolled and flights in the ZEEA.	MINDEF – MIN-SEC –SSPyA.	Build completed 2021.	1.5 of total value of 2021.
Percentage of activities of ICM and ICP made in the ZEEA and waters in the national interest.	Ministries of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries Science, Technology, and Innovation.	Build completed 2021.	1.5 of total value of 2021.
Percentage of days navigated and hours of flight in Antarctica.	CHANCELLERY – MINDEF	Build completed 2021	1.3 the total value of 2021

Strategic objectiveWhat is the change that you want to operate in the reality?	Outcome indicatorsHow are we going to measure the change of situation?	Means of verificationWhat will be the source of the tick of the indicator?	Baseline What is the current value of the indicator?	Goal What is the expected value at the end of 2022?
OE 2“Incorporate, from the educational cycle, starting, the study of the IIMM argentine, extended afterwards to the secondary cycle. Promote the university studies related to such maritime interests”.	The percentage of hours in which classes are held IIMMNN in Elementary school/ high school.	Ministry of Education	Build completed 2021.	2 times the total value of 2021.
Phd thesis, master's and doctoral to address the problems maritime argentina.	Office of the Cabinet of Ministers. Ministries that address the problems of shipping, Ministry of Education.	Build completed 2021.	2 times the total value of 2021.

Strategic objectiveWhat is the change that you want to operate in the reality?	Outcome indicatorsHow are we going to measure the change of situation?	Means of verificationWhat will be the source of the tick of the indicator?	Baseline What is the current value of the indicator?	Goal What is the expected value at the end of 2022?
OE 3.“To promote the academic debate, political, and social to develop the layout of a national maritime strategy of consensus.”	Percentage of televised debates and journalistic articles related to the promotion of the IIMMNN.	Office of the Cabinet of Ministers. Ministries that address the problem at sea.	Number of interventions have completed the 365 days of your mise en scene.	1.5 times the Number of interventions have completed the 365 days of your mise en scene.
Percentage of projects related to the problem maritime promoted by the Commission of IIMM in the HCD.	Congress. HCSN and HCDN Ministries that address the problematic national maritime.	Build completed 2021.	2.5 total value of 2021.

Strategic objectiveWhat is the change that you want to operate in the reality?	Outcome indicatorsHow are we going to measure the change of situation?	Means of verificationWhat will be the source of the tick of the indicator?	Baseline What is the current value of the indicator?	Goal What is the expected value at the end of 2022?
OE 4.Create a federal basis to centralize information financial about public and private ports enabled, ships in operations, areas of production, processing, transportation and shipping, for the monitoring and control of the proceeds, both in terms of the trade as illicit trafficking.	Verified from the commissioning of the system	AFIP, the Ministries of Security, Transport, Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries, Defence, INTA, SENASA, INIDEP, and other agencies with responsibility in the matter.	Number of interventions have completed the 365 days of your effective date	1.5 times the Number of interventions have completed the 365 days of your effective date

To define the profile of institutional action for the achievement of the objectives

At the institutional level, strategic definitions are expressed in a first instance in the mission and vision, either a Ministry or entity decentralized. If the entity (ministry, decentralized body, etc), it establishes a set of strategic objectives for a specific period of time, these will be references to take into account for programs that depend on the entity.

MISSION – MEDIUM TERM

An example: the Ministry of Defence. Constitute an armed force with the ability to defend the interests of the nation, to contribute to its development on scientific, technological, economic and social, and to cooperate for the achievement of the general welfare of its inhabitants.

VISION – LONG-TERM

The Ministry of Defense, coordinates and executes all the activities related to the Defense of the IIMMNN. This activity is performed through the Joint staff of the Armed Forces, is the military body composed of the three forces and is responsible, among other matters: to Approve the annual strategic planning military; the re-engineering of the structures of organic-functional of the Armed Forces, provide for the creation of operational units; to promote the re-engineering budget to give place to the conformation of the Operational Command, and to exercise any other function that explicitly or implicitly arising out of the laws that govern its competition.

Profile of action of a public policy

In this instance we identify what actions to develop the body to accomplish the transformations are to be expected. We consider those actions that have an impact to the outside of the organization (whether citizens or other public sector organisation).

STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE MINISTERIAL: CONSTITUTE AN ARMED FORCE WITH THE ABILITY TO DEFEND THE INTERESTS OF THE NATION
Area responsible: JOINT staff OF THE ARMED FORCES
Actions (the end)Goods, services, regulations, or transfers generated by the agency to meet certain demands of the community, external to the institution.	Indicator of productIt is a unit of measure that indicates the volume and the quality of the generated actions.	Target 2021Value of the indicator of a product within a particular time limit.
Exercises to determine the different levels of training of the military personnel involved in operations to fisheries control.	Amount of exercises depending on the degree of training required in the plans in force.	Determined by available funds. 100% 100% To determine, according to availability. 100%
Inspections to observe the state of readiness of media.	Conducted prior to the deployment of the media.
Generation of the doctrine of joint.	Regulations or joint publications up to date.
Funds for the support of the media and naval aero-naval to the patrolled beach.	Amount of $ transfer/$ requested
Special training to the staff that integrates the endowments for Registration, Visit and Capture offenders.	Amount of trained staff/ total staff.

Development of Action Plans

Product: Agreements between the EMCO and the Armed for “Perform scheduled maintenance of the media used for the tasks of monitoring and control of the stage AS Antarctic and in the year +1”
Milestone	Key date	Critical operations	Key date	Critical resources
It is a matter of public policy that is presented at any given time of the execution of a project, and that it meets the conditions of: observable, reportable and valuable for the target audience of the project	Date on which it is expected to achieve the milestone	Set of activities to achieve the milestone on the key date as expected.Specify the coordination with key actors Mapped onStep 1 and 4	Date on which the activity is expected towill be fulfilled.	+ Include estimated Budget ($)Expert staff, equipment, outsourced service or other additional inputs that demand to engage in this activity other than those available
First milestone: Presentation of the project for approval of the EMCO	30 June 2022	Drafting of the projectRound of consultations Adjustments to the project	Feb 2022 Mar 2022 15 June 2022	Headquartered 5 EMCO
Second milestone: Approval of the project on the part of the EMCO	30 sep 2022	NegotiationsIncorporation of amendments requested by the provincial governmentsDevelopment of communication materials of the projectcitizenshipSignature of the project	Jul 2022Aug 2022
		Aug 2022 30 Aug 2022
Third milestone: Project implemented	30 November	Entrance to the docks of hull Repair electronic Sensors Training in RVyC staff	Feb / jun 2023 Jun 2023 May 2023	Availability of dams Funds for purchase of inputsMan-hours to operators  Tickets and per diem of trainers

Linking strategic planning with the SDGS

The process of linking strategic planning, at the time of its design, with the ODS assists in:

• Harmonize efficiently strategies of the various ministries and agencies of the National Public Administration.
• To avoid duplication of actions between ministries.
• Respond to cross-cutting priorities at the national level
• Streamline the processes of adjustment of strategies and operations.
• Promote the incorporation of a rights-based approach.

Agenda ODS	Strategic planning sector
ODS	Goal ODS	Indicator ODS	Strategic Objective	Outcome indicator	State action	Indicator of Product
OE 2 “to Incorporate, from the educational cycle, starting, the study of the IIMM argentine...”	Goal 4.1.By 2030,ensure that, at the end of the primary and secondary education,all the students recognize the IIMMNN and his need to protect them and their link with human development.	4.1.1Proportion of children and adolescentsat the end of primary education andat the end of secondary education, they have reached theleast a minimum level of knowledge with respect to the resources, living and non-living available in the AS, and the importance of taking care eco-systemic them.	Ensure compliance with the school's annual initial, primary and secondary.	National rate of early school leaving.	Creation of a bank of scholarships to those educational institutions public to submit annual assignments that investigate the importance of the conservation and protection of the natural resources of the ACE.	Amount of scholarships granted to educational institutions to the public.

Other variables that should be part of the design of a national maritime strategy, comprehensive and consensual.

Using the arguments presented in the first report, Argentina Global – Observatory of Strategic Affairs – Impacts on the energy and the sea p. 111/223 – we will discuss some of the variables that must necessarily form part of the design of a maritime strategy since they have a deep involvement of the maritime Interests of the argentines. 

The problem of Fishing  

The fishing grounds, AS is the subject of the indiscriminate exploitation of its living resources. In this mediate the actions of foreign fleets that operate outside of the ZEEEA and randomly intrusan the same and on the other the operation of the fleet of argentina, which, under the aegis of the bureaucratic system in effect violate the rules. This situation work to the detriment of the protection ecosystem fishery (overfishing and the discard) generating a serious involvement in economic national corporations (loss of competitiveness, reduction of labor sources, casualisation of labour, etc). A reality conditioned by the question of the Malvinas war which involved issues related to both international politics as the domestic.

OFFICE OF THE CABINET
DEFINITION OF THE PROBLEM. WHAT IS THE GAP THAT WE WANT TO ADDRESS?	EVIDENCEWHAT ARE THE FACTORS THAT SHOW THE EXISTENCE OF THE PROBLEM?	INDICATORSWHAT MEASURES CAN BE USED TO MONITOR THE CHANGE IN REALITY?	MEANS OF VERIFICATIONWHAT WILL BE THE SOURCE OF INFORMATION COLLATION?
Management sustainable fishing resource on the part of the argentine State.	Lack of incentives to resolve the limited presence of the State in the scenario.Interpretation diffuse UNCLOS and violation of national laws (LFP and LGA).Lack of bilateral Agreements between States. National administrative structure weak and politicized.Led to the development of the national activity.Limited diplomatic activity.Activity invisible to the eyes of the society.	Levels of exploitation of RRNN on the stage AS.Creation of bilateral Agreements.Rate the effort of monitoring and research in the scenario.Punitive actions of a concrete type.Transparency in the control of the resource.Economic value of the resource to a national and international level.Fishery resource, the element of negotiation in foreign policy.Incorporate the study of this IIMM the educational program in argentina.	Foreign office, Legislature, Ministries of Defence, Security, Economy, Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries, Production, Labour, Science, Technology and Innovation, ministry of the Environment. SENASA, AFIP, Ministry of Justice.

Necessary actions: that not only includes the national government, but also at the provincial and municipal governments, and also shared spaces with other countries such as MERCOSUR.

1.-Sinceramiento of the political leadership argentina who should join efforts to resolve the anomalies of the system of management, control and oversight, the lack of transparency and participation in decision making, relating to the capitalisation of the industry; and at the same time, the difficulties of the actors involved in the sector. So also, agree, from a joint vision and agreed a strategy that considers the ordering of geopolitics, present and future, and the biological sustainability of the ecosystem, issues that cause the internationalization of the South Atlantic, and that favours the presence of the Uk in the archipelagos of the Malvinas, Georgias del Sur and Sandwich del Sur (hereinafter Malvinas), and its waters concerned.

2.- To improve the conditions of competitiveness that includes not only companies or guilds, you have to understand that it is also linked to an ecosystem that encompasses other chains, regulations, and other public and private actors. There are major challenges in the areas of tax pressure, logistics costs, financing, labor issues, and exchange rate policy that affect the competitiveness and growth prospects. 

3.- International Agreements and the challenges in the international positioning: The first relates to the administration of the species, sea bass and hake with the Treaty of rio de la Plata – 1973, and another that refers to the conservation of the species squid Illex argentinus with the Agreements of Madrid – 1991 and represent interests of value geopolitical/geostrategic. With regard to the conservation of the species squid Illex today represents an important and topical for the EU-MERCOSUR Agreement. The possible tarifcation zero for the export of the species and the occurrence not yet defined the consequences of BREXIT, leave you in an unfavourable position on the market of Falkland and its relationship with the fishing industry of the Spanish capital that operate in the islands. While these, most of them are dedicated to the squid fishing Loligo (catch this Malvinas), losses of tariff concessions on their part would be in serious difficulties in its operations in the islands.  

In terms of the corvina blonde, resource, originally from the waters of the Plata and the atlantic coast of argentina, has been depredada despite the fact that there are two committees that deal with this issue, the administrative Commission of the River plate (CARP) and the Technical Committee Joint of the Seafront, between Uruguay and Argentina. A topic of long-standing that it seems it is hard to find a solution that will at least give a hope of sustainability and fairness in the administration of this resource.

The challenges to solve are the preferential access to the markets and the positioning of the argentine products. Exporters fishing argentines must pay export duties, something that our competitors in the rest of the world does not face. The State should review the structures of export duties (voiding) and withdrawals for export.

4.- The State rector of port: Must be defined ports and assemble a specific control team is well paid, to avoid deviations administrative. The penalties should be ejemplificadoras. 

5.- Adapt the Federal Law on Fisheries (LFP) standards, eco-sustainable determined in the General Law of the Environment (LGA), which is subsequent to the first.

A law that operates with the concept of “BOAT+ FISHING PERMIT and THE CATCH QUOTA, that oppose each other, one is stock and the other flow. But the business is a business flow, based on the Maximum Permissible (CMP), which has the drawback that it does not contemplate the major species. Of the three species mainly exploited, or squid or prawn and have a CMP or catch quotas. In the case prawn by reformulations live two “worlds”: limits in tons as authorization, capture and permits unrestricted. 

For case, art 27 of the LFP states that all ships must have quotas.... Although based in catches of the year 1996, and 27 bis appeared years after, and introduces a new concept that they are the “authorizations capture” for the species is not cuotificadas. And the business of “BOAT +PERMISSION” is a business that moves millions and yet the State is not involved, because the PERMISSION in general (except poteros) is “eternal” then the one who received the award from the State as active, and not temporary. Art 26 and 27/bis the, I think, fundamental to the real management of the fishery; that is to recover the power of the State over the resource.

6.- Fishing is an industrial activity. Therefore, you must work under the direction of a ministry of “production / industry” is not within the MINAGRI where fishing is secondary. NEVER a MINAGRI was a person who is knowledgeable in fishing. The limited training on this problem, on a recurring basis makes that the different administrations of government to stop the control of the same in the hands of lobbyists that have been handled historically the issue. The political leadership argentina should remember which represents 5° complex exporter of the country, the inexhaustible source of jobs and a point of harmony /discord and tool of foreign policy with regard to the Falklands and Antarctica. 

7.- Decentralization INIDEP: The institute should be the head of the maritime research fisheries, because, otherwise, we reproduce research centers with CONICET and there is not a coordinated effort. INIDEP should not continue under the orbit of the SSPyA. Who is responsible for the policies of fishing you can't manage the biological question of the closure of areas, for example. There are competing interests that are heard in the PIC where the holder is the same SSPyA. The PROPOSAL IS THAT THE INIDEP SHOULD be administered AS THE INVAP and DEPENDENT JGM.

8.- The actions guild: may Not occur with Collective bargaining Agreements (CBA) that date back more than 15 years ago and that to operate a fishing vessel required to agree with 10 different guilds. We can't waste the resource for disagreements, guild because you work with reference values out-of-date.

9.- The control and transparency of the management. The records of FISHING, of VIOLATIONS /PRIORS and CATCHES should be public record, and must be updated publication with a maximum of 30 days in arrears. Computer applications and database used for the control of maximum permissible per species should reflect your correspondence with withdrawal rights, the granting of fishing permits and closed zones. That would have cross-checking on the part of the private also. This is a critical tool for the Enforcement Authority because it can suspend permissions and not be left to the “discretion” of the person.

A related aspect, and of great impact on the problem, are by-catches, bycatch, discard and their high proportion in the final percentage of catches. For this reason you should differentiate between captures real and landings, which is always lower. Urgently require the absolute record of all the operations in fishing through the filming with cameras, a task that already has the resolution of the PIC. 

10.- Traceability. SENASA+AFIP+Fishing, it is urgent to provide resources for technology and broad political support. Are Agencies that operate dissociated. It motivates large slippage between what you are fishing and what is processed and usually the distance between the dock and the plant are few blocks away. Ports without inspectors on the ground, without scales, with scanners that do not distinguish organic from inorganic, etc are some of the issues that are urgent to attend to, as well as the control of small-scale fisheries. How do I get to the major centers of consumption?, who controls it, who the audit? Why is black? Not missing laws, lack of cross-checking information, and punitive action ejemplificadoras. It is not necessary to collect fines, you must prevent the infringer to be able to return to the activity until it meets the violation imposed. ZERO TOLERANCE. 

11.- Art 45. Distribution of FONAPE: I Suggest that both the research as patrolled (surface and air) to be spread prior to the distribution of the co-partnership, in other words, that the part coparticipable will be considered once they have been granted funds from Patrol, and Research. Can not the administrative bureaucracy take the 50% of the proceeds, especially when we are recognizing the shortcomings of the fisheries as a result of the absence of the state in the area. Chile, for example, the bureaucracy has allocated only 20%

A not less important issue related to the patrolled should be discussed the creation of a specific fund to reduce the cost of fuel to increase the tasks of patrol. There are ideas for overcoming and do not indicate spending by state.

12.- Refund Ports Patagonian: it Is contrary to WTO fisheries subsidies. I suggest to analyze the pattern of withdrawals and low taxes. The first to fall is the tax Gas Oil, which does not correspond to vessels that operate beyond the territorial sea. ¡Tierra del Fuego already has tax exemptions!!!!, because they do not implement it at the national level.

13. Trigger diplomatic to reduce illegal fishing and promote a Protocol Additional Market Common Fisheries (MERCOPES); a Complementation Agreement of the Treaty of Peace with Chile concerning the cooperation in the Beagle Channel and the control of the bi-oceanic corridor Atlantic-Pacific region; to refine the pre-Agreement with the European Union (U. E.), in at least three lines: (a) agree to the certification of argentina to source the raw materials extracted from the areas FAO 41 and 48 (The south Atlantic-southern); (b) to speed up the entry of final products (value-added) tariff-free to the U. E. and, (c) while this happens, give the same tariff treatment to Argentina to all the raw materials captured in the South Atlantic, inside or outside of the Z. E. E. Argentina..... It is essential to take actions of this nature the tissue of strategic alliances, at least at the regional level (Brazil, Chile and Uruguay).

14.- Make the problem visible fisheries society. It is necessary to the implementation of an educational program that promotes the study of all the problems generating awareness maritime. Fishing can continue to be of interest only in the lobby that manages historically the resources. 

The Merchant shipping (National Oceanic and River)

Argentina has 4,700 miles of ocean coastline most of the Basin of la Plata to the Paraná and Uruguay rivers running as a system artery and natural to the trade, in a region that is capable of producing by itself, only about a third of the food that demand the world emphasized Roberto Meli, national director of Policy, Shipping and Merchant Marine.

OFFICE OF THE CABINET
DEFINITION OF THE PROBLEM. WHAT IS THE GAP THAT WE WANT TO ADDRESS?	EVIDENCEWHAT ARE THE FACTORS THAT SHOW THE EXISTENCE OF THE PROBLEM?	INDICATORSWHAT MEASURES CAN BE USED TO MONITOR THE CHANGE IN REALITY?	MEANS OF VERIFICATIONWHAT WILL BE THE SOURCE OF INFORMATION COLLATION?
Recovery of the merchant Marine National	Lack of incentives políticosLa concentration entrepreneur, international, and its insertion in related activities (port terminals, trailers, logistics).Preeminence of the maritime transport in argentine exports.Law in force, contrary to the promotion of the MMN.Geographical positioning eccentric of the great centers of world consumption.Increase of production of argentina.Freight in foreign hands.Fall of agreements internacionalesMayor load capacity and transport cleaner.The absence of agreements, inter-agency.Maintenance of the waterway which exploit foreigners.Lack of containers on the international horizon.The geopolitical importance of having a MM national.Increase in trade in the year 2021 driven by the crisis and the government subsidies to revive the economy.Absence of international traffic with ships of the argentine flag.Activity invisible to the eyes of the society.	Change of laws that promote the Incorporation of vessels of the national flag.Increase of Loads in national ports.Less bureaucracy.Flexibility credit by the banks.Investment in construction of LNG vessel in shipyards national.Promotion of incentives (subsidy of fuels, decrease in employers ' contributions, and fund training, among others).High competition with vessels of very high technology, low-cost and specialization in traffic and transport certain.Loss of foreign exchange by the unavailability of freight national.Mergers or business Arrangements in order to lower costs and achieve greater operational efficiency.Promotion of activity of cabotage to southern argentina. Promotion of activities associated with the development of the MM. Incorporate the study of this IIMM the educational program in argentina.	Executive branch and the Legislative branch, Ministry of Transport, Development of Productive employment and the Economy, foreign affairs, Governors, Cameras Shipowners, Center of Captains, Guilds maritime.

Necessary Actions:  

1.-Sinceramiento of the political leadership argentina who should join efforts to resolve the issues that prevent the promotion of legal instruments for the promotion of the merchant navy as the national flag. It is necessary to agree upon, from a joint vision and agreed to, the regulations of the Law of Merchant shipping, in terms of fuel subsidy, charge, tax, employers ' contributions, and fund training among other items. In Argentina, the shipping freight is 72% more expensive than in the united States and 64% more expensive than in Brazil. The law of merchant marine 27.419 does not take into account the situation of the market-shipping worldwide, therefore, in its current wording is not a useful tool to recreate a merchant fleet argentina competitive at the international level. A legal framework is needed to provide predictability to the investments and an investment to be possible there must be a market to which access competitively to the current tax legislation and labour argentina dedicated to the production of goods in earth conditions the competition international shipping (by damaging in addition to the possibility of growth in the cabotage).

2.- Reduce the tax pressure that has hit the industry makes approximately$3.500 million in freight every year that generates the export agro-industrial argentina will go on ships of foreign flags. The owners do not have tax exemption, you do not have a labor regime differentiated and there is no second registration possible until now. There are strong asymmetries with neighbouring countries, for example, with Paraguay, which has 10% of shares in Profits while in Argentina is paid 35% of what there is to be added to Gross Income, Tax to check the fuel cost to a 58% more expensive, insurance, and inspections of P. N. A., the ART, obstacles customs for import of spare parts and the costs of port operations, etc, it Is impossible to operate at international level, with the national system of incorporation and low of the flag, indispensable for buying and selling ships, part inseparable from the shipping business.

The tax burden on the National State is suffocating, earnings, income alleged, payments, VAT, delays in refunds in case of matching, a profit on the crews to levels ridiculous, a Customs office that no administration is able to put in the box, with their costs even on the burden of cabotage, in flagrant conflict with what is stipulated in the National Constitution on the abolition of internal customs. In addition to this, the voracity of the provinces, with their gross revenue in that practically make it impossible for the operation of shipment and making the multimodalismo only a blank expression, when you apply such a tax in cascade, with the coup de grace of municipalities bordering that apply to rates that should only reflect a service actually provided to the m2 of the boat that docks in your jurisdiction (remarkable imaginary tax), or barges moored on an island. Finally, the guilds, there is that to deal with the consequences of wildcat strikes in a context in which the extensive quarantine leave you exhausted to the companies who had to cope with higher costs for the implementation of protocols of all kinds.

3.- Generate subsidies for the merchant navy as the national flag in the same way as is done with the railways and airlines, especially considering the carrying capacity of the maritime and inland waterway transport. Example: to transport 37500 tn: 1 convoy can carry 25 barges. You need to 1250 cars ff.cc or 1666 trucks to match. Even at the local level with the armored charge to the jurisdiction of the foreign flag by the Law of National Coastal trade, our flag can compete with the truck, and much less with the railroad, at distances that in any normal country " leads users to choose the option skiing. The truck must use it to 300 kilometers, not that of the middle of the Chaco or the middle of Formosa go down four or five million tonnes per truck, destroying all of the routes, in addition to the environmental impact that means.

4.- To gain competitiveness, boost the design of ships powered by liquefied natural gas (LNG), which in addition to reducing the costs of consumption, provide environmental benefits in comparison with conventional fuels.

A question related to this point are the costs and the efficiency of the logistics that are involved in the entire operation of the vessel. It is necessary, to maintain essential services and quality in the ports. Ensure work, operators with the knowledge, parts, and available personnel to repairs. A boat can't wait three days to reach the hose of the hydraulic burst. Have to be in the containers, the empty first, to consolidate them into port, the scanner of pallets or containers (much more expensive), the place and the staff of SENASA, Customs, personal port that is trained to work in a chore, and risky: it is not nonsense lifting a 40 foot container with more than 30 tons, and to pass it on to 15/20 meters in 3 or 4 rows high. Also you need to adjust the logistics so that the load this time and form, the plugs to connect the load reefer, the electrician and their relays, and ensure sufficient volume that make attractive the scale to the boat... it is a work of goldsmithing. The delays of the boats mean costs that make the product more expensive end. For instance, to export the agricultural production will need to more than 1,000 travel ship Panamax. A vessel Panamax in the international market is operated by around 6,500/ $ 7,000 daily before depreciation cost crew 3500 dollars a day. A vessel Panamax under the flag of argentina has an operating cost exceeds 15,000 dollars a day. the cost of crew exceeds the 7300.

5.- The absence of a national flag enables the foreign-flag need to perform cabotage national, losing the State that a large part of the business is freight, and that represents a huge inflow of foreign currency. To this must be added that Argentina solves the services of Dredging, Marking and PASSWORD, in addition to the freight. This is a serious involvement geopolitics to Argentina, given that it has conditioned the provision of the Isla Grande of Tierra del Fuego and Antarctica.

6.- Repositioning international: The Federative Republic of Brazil informed the argentine authorities, the decision not to renew the Bilateral Agreement on Maritime Transport in the terms of article XIV, 2 provided in the same. In this way, the agreement had no effect from the day February 5, 2022 destroying the last possibility of the development of the merchant marine of argentina in international shipments

Due to the Absence of international traffic for ships of the national flag is considered a priority to re-establish the negotiations for the Agreement of the maritime Transport of Mercosur (currently suspended).

7.- To visualize this issue. It is necessary to the implementation of an educational program that promotes the study of all the problems generating awareness maritime. 

The shipbuilding industry

OFFICE OF THE CABINET
DEFINITION OF THE PROBLEM. WHAT IS THE GAP THAT WE WANT TO ADDRESS?	EVIDENCEWHAT ARE THE FACTORS THAT SHOW THE EXISTENCE OF THE PROBLEM?	INDICATORSWHAT MEASURES CAN BE USED TO MONITOR THE CHANGE IN REALITY?	MEANS OF VERIFICATIONWHAT WILL BE THE SOURCE OF INFORMATION COLLATION?
The development of the shipbuilding Industry	The age of the fishing fleet, argentina.Loss of capacity to build ships.Limited merchant Fleet national.Construction of vessels in foreign countries.Governing law contradicts needs of the IN.Tax burden is disproportionate.Activity invisible to the eyes of the society.	Decrease of accidents in the sea.Increase of the workforce at the Shipyards national.Investments in the shipyards national.Construction of ships in the shipyards national.Granting of soft loans for the construction of ships.	Executive and legislative branches. Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries, SSPyA, Federal Council of fisheries, Ministry of Production and Economy.

Necessary Actions:  

1.-Sinceramiento of the political leadership argentina who, consensually, need to be regulated a law of shipbuilding Industry comprehensive that promotes the development of the activity in tune with the IIMMNN. In this sense, you must reverse the veto imposed by the Executive branch (Decree of Necessity and Urgency 145/19, a copy of which was transformed into the Bill Pinedo-Bullrich) that differs from the proposal of law (S-2131/18 and S-384/18 Regime for the Promotion of the Shipbuilding Industry Fishing”) promoted by all the actors involved in this activity and that reflects on the obsolescence of the fishing fleet national and resources needed to finance the construction of new units in deadline time. 

2.- Establish a line of soft credits to stimulate the construction of fishing vessels. It is necessary to understand about the following because that has generated controversy in the NUD cited above: the resource is in the State (National or Provincial) who, through the Enforcement Authority leads and executes the national fisheries policy, regulates the exploitation, issues permits for Fishing, set, subject to the approval of the PIC, the requirements and conditions that must be met by ships and fishing companies to develop the fishing activity; applies sanctions; involved in the granting of benefits arising from the sectoral promotion is granted, or grant to the Fisheries sector; it is involved in the investment projects (Art. 7th LFP), therefore, the appeal is not a right with which the entrepreneur can be guaranteed access to credit. 

In all cases, the State has the authority to give guarantees for the construction of the ships fresqueros and coastal contract, and, to withdraw the fees and authorizations capture companies that are not paying the necessary appropriations for that purpose in time and form, next to the boat built and, licitarla this with their quotas or authorisations at a public auction to pay off the bank debt, which will return to the State. The Resource will remain in the hands of the State, the companies will have the endorsement was enough to renew its fleet and, financial institutions, the security of the payment of the loans granted and, very especially, the State will recover the policy of managing the resource, through the granting of assessments and authorizations of capture. The State does not assume any risk whatsoever to support the credit operations, but assumes the role of promoter of the national development and security of the people.

3.- Construction in shipyards national. Art 26 of the LFP fixed 10-30 years of a term of the useful life of the permit. This should be implemented as a true project of the shipbuilding industry developed in Argentina and in conjunction with other countries – with this I say, for example: design here, produce here + import parts from other countries and assemble here. 43% of the fishing fleet is obsolete, Rebuild the fleet would cost an estimated of the order of us$1,600 million, therefore, the government should promote the renewal of the fishing fleet to support operations credit necessary, for which, with the administrative tools necessary to grant the guarantees without any risk, since their powers of administrator. There is the capacity of the shipyards national (public and private can build it in its entirety. The problem presented was that the proposal to reduce tariffs on the export of ships built abroad or access to used boats purchased from abroad. Two questions that give the final thrust to hide the activity.

It is necessary to clarify an aspect associated with the construction of vessels for the Defense, the State can only build them if you go to the import of supplies, raw material and technology from abroad (where is the weight of the veto of the RUGBeIN respect to the material sensitive) and reduces the costs and time of production. You need to do so: its main shipyard – ASRS – incorporate technology and to adapt its production plant to the international standards (plant, oversized, poorly trained and labour law anachronistic) In that sense must be, among other things, improving the efficiency of design and flexible production with a modular approach that allows you to shorten the time of placing on the market and reduce the costs of design and production standardization. An important factor is the diversification of sources of income with digital services and after-sales.

4.- Sanitation of the administrative structure of the state. Who for many years has defended private interests, may not represent the State in the management of government. The question is very simple, that interest is going to defend that person who integrates a bureaucratic jungle that has provided countless services for years, knowing that his “good works” as an officer, you will ensure to come back to their source of origin, finished his term. The choice of the above-mentioned administrators management is a policy decision that also constitutes the source of recurrence for the resolution of situations where it is necessary to the misrepresentation of the law in obtaining benefits.

5.- To visualize this issue. It is necessary to the implementation of an educational program that promotes the study of all the problems generating awareness maritime. We should not forget that the shipbuilding industry is a generating source of labor genuine that acts directly on other industries, such as: the industry of oil and gas, railway, and mining.